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A glass teapot filled with golden herbal tea, surrounded by blooming chamomile flowers in a sunlit garden setting. A delicate floral teacup sits nearby, creating a warm and serene tea-drinking ambiance.

The Legend of Shennong and the Health Benefits of Tea

Written by: Qiao Fan

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Time to read 4 min

Introduction


The story of Shennong tasting hundreds of herbs is well known. According to The Divine Farmer’s Materia Medica (Shennong Ben Cao Jing), it is said: "Shennong tasted a hundred herbs daily, encountered seventy-two poisons, and was cured by tea."


Shennong, also known as Emperor Yan, was one of the ancestors of the Chinese people. One day, while tasting a highly toxic herb, he collapsed while boiling water. Before the water had fully boiled, he lost consciousness. After an unknown amount of time, he awoke to an enchanting aroma. Struggling to scoop water from the pot, he discovered that the boiling water had turned a yellow-green color, with a few green leaves floating inside. The refreshing fragrance came from the pot. A few hours later, he was miraculously cured of the poison.


Curious, Shennong carefully investigated and found a plant growing above his boiling pot. Upon further research, he discovered its many uses and eventually named it "tea." Although this legend remains unverified, one thing is certain: tea was first recognized as a plant with detoxifying properties and was later classified as an herbal remedy.

Tea as a Healing and Nutritious Beverage

From the time of Shennong's discovery, our ancestors gradually began using tea for medicine and health maintenance. According to a World Health Organization (WHO) study on beverage quality in various countries, tea was determined to be the best beverage for the elderly in China. However, tea is not only beneficial for older adults—it provides remarkable health advantages for all age groups.

Tea leaves contain nearly 500 essential nutrients for the human body, including:

  • Alkaloids such as caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, and choline.

  • Flavonoids including catechins and anthocyanins.

  • Vitamins, amino acids, and essential minerals such as calcium, magnesium, iron, and zinc.

These beneficial compounds contribute to disease prevention, health maintenance, and overall well-being. No wonder modern people say: "Better to go a day without food than a day without tea!" 

A steaming cup of freshly brewed black tea served in a transparent glass teacup with a matching saucer, placed on a wooden surface. The rich amber hue of the tea glows warmly, creating a cozy and inviting tea-drinking atmosphere.

1. Tea is Rich in Essential Vitamins

Tea is a natural source of macro and trace minerals, including:

  • Macronutrients: Phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium, sulfur.

  • Trace elements: Iron, manganese, zinc, selenium, copper, fluorine, iodine.

These minerals are essential for various biological functions, including bone health, muscle function, and metabolism. Regular tea consumption can help the body absorb these vital minerals naturally.

A steaming cup of tea served in an elegant porcelain teacup with a silver spoon, accompanied by a fresh lemon half on a white saucer. The warm glow of the tea contrasts with the dark background, creating a cozy and inviting tea-drinking ambiance.

3. Tea is a Natural Source of Protein

Proteins are the building blocks of life, essential for growth, development, movement, and reproduction. Without protein, life cannot exist.


Tea leaves contain 20-30% protein content in their dry weight, with water-soluble proteins contributing to the rich and complex flavors of tea infusions. Those who regularly drink tea may benefit from an additional source of protein intake.

An elegant porcelain teacup with intricate gold detailing, filled with warm tea, resting on a matching saucer atop soft pink satin fabric. A delicate silver spoon and a sprig of lavender flowers add to the luxurious and vintage-inspired tea-drinking ambiance.

4. Tea is Rich in Amino Acids

Tea leaves contain various amino acids, including histidine, which is crucial for infant growth and development. Although the amino acid content in tea is relatively low, it serves as a valuable dietary supplement for essential amino acids that may be lacking in daily nutrition.


Tea contains 28 different amino acids, including 8 essential amino acids required by the human body:

  • Isoleucine

  • Leucine

  • Lysine

  • Phenylalanine

  • Threonine

  • Tryptophan

  • Methionine

Regular tea consumption helps support brain function, metabolism, and overall health by supplementing these amino acids.

A classic porcelain teacup filled with warm tea, resting on a matching saucer with a silver spoon. The cup sits on a wooden surface near a softly lit window, creating a cozy and serene tea-drinking atmosphere.
A transparent glass cup filled with freshly brewed light golden tea, sitting on a rustic wooden table bathed in soft sunlight. In the background, a floral-patterned teapot and wooden chairs add to the warm and inviting tea-drinking ambiance.

5. Tea Contains Natural Sugars

Sugars are important organic compounds in nature and serve as a primary energy source for the human body. Tea leaves contain various carbohydrates, such as:

  • Monosaccharides

  • Starches

  • Pectins

  • Polysaccharides

However, most sugars in tea are insoluble in water, making tea a low-calorie beverage. As a low-energy drink, tea helps maintain and enhance biological activity without contributing to excessive calorie intake.

A rustic ceramic teapot with a matching teacup filled with warm tea, placed on a round wooden board atop a weathered wooden table. A dried branch in the background adds to the serene and traditional tea-drinking atmosphere.

Conclusion: A Beverage with Endless Benefits

Tea is packed with numerous beneficial compounds that contribute to human health. Regular tea consumption can help:

  • Improve mental clarity and relaxation

  • Replenish essential vitamins, minerals, and amino acids

  • Support immune function and disease prevention

  • Provide hydration without added calories 

FAQs

What Nutrients Are Found in Tea?

Tea contains a variety of essential nutrients, including:

  • Vitamins (B vitamins, vitamin C)
  • Minerals (calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc)
  • Amino acids (L-theanine, glutamine, lysine)
  • Antioxidants (catechins, polyphenols, flavonoids)
  • Alkaloids (caffeine, theobromine, theophylline)
  • Carbohydrates (small amounts of natural sugars and polysaccharides)

These nutrients make tea a low-calorie yet highly nutritious beverage.

Is Tea a Good Source of Vitamins?

Yes, tea provides several important water-soluble vitamins, including:

  • Vitamin C – Supports the immune system and acts as an antioxidant.
  • B vitamins (B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B9) – Help with energy metabolism, brain function, and reducing fatigue.

Since these vitamins are water-soluble, they are easily absorbed when tea is brewed.

Does Tea Contain Minerals?

Yes, tea is a natural source of essential minerals, including:

  • Potassium – Supports heart health and hydration.
  • Magnesium – Helps with muscle relaxation and nerve function.
  • Calcium – Strengthens bones and teeth.
  • Zinc – Supports immune function and wound healing.
  • Iron – Important for red blood cell production.
  • Fluoride – Helps maintain strong teeth and bones.

Drinking tea regularly can contribute to daily mineral intake.

Does Tea Contain Protein?

While tea is not a major source of protein, it does contain some proteins and amino acids, which are important for:

  • Cell growth and repair
  • Brain function and relaxation (L-theanine)
  • Metabolism and muscle recovery

In green tea and white tea, amino acids contribute to their naturally sweet and umami-rich flavors.

What Antioxidants Are Found in Tea?

Tea is rich in antioxidants , which help fight free radicals and reduce oxidative stress . The key antioxidants in tea include:

  • Catechins (EGCG in green tea) – Known for anti-inflammatory and metabolism-boosting effects.
  • Flavonoids – Improve heart health and circulation.
  • Polyphenols – Support overall wellness and reduce inflammation.

Green tea, white tea, and oolong tea are particularly high in these powerful antioxidants .

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